Gdp and the Standards of Living - 752 Words

Standards of living can be evaluated by the measure of GDP, level of inflation, net exports and fiscal balance. Evaluation by using the GDP as an indicator would be relevant as it reflects the total national economic activity and the level of wealth of the society. GDP per capita is adjusted for the size of the economy in terms differences in price levels and also population of the country. There are many factors that would affect the standard of living in a country. Some that cannot be measured by the GDP and some that can be directly reflected by the GDP. GDP will be able to give us a rough idea on how the standard of living is in a certain country. Living standards tend to move with GDP per capita, so we can assume that the changes of†¦show more content†¦In the end, economic statistics only measure what they measure, which may not bear much relation to how well off we are. Conclusively, standards of living are to be improved by providing poor families access to what they can get or what they can use at that time to make life comfortable, healthy and fruitful. At the end of the day, economic statistics can only show the significant figures of a country and only what they measure, but it may not be of that much relation to how well off citizens are. Measuring economic welfares of countries by using economic statistics cannot fully measure the economic welfare of aShow MoreRelatedGdp, Is It a Useful Measure of Living Standards?1356 Words   |  6 PagesWhy is GDP per capita useful as a measure of living standards? What are the limitations of GDP per capita as a comparable measure of living standards? Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the monetary value of final goods and services produced in a given year by factors of production within a country. GDP reports are released on the last day of each quarter, reflecting the previous quarter. Therefore, it is measured on a quarterly basis and measures the level of economic growth in different countriesRead MoreGdp, Is It a Useful Measure of Living Standards?1347 Words   |  6 PagesWhy is GDP per capita useful as a measure of living standards? What are the limitations of GDP per capita as a comparable measure of living standards? Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the monetary value of final goods and services produced in a given year by factors of production within a country. GDP reports are released on the last day of each quarter, reflecting the previous quarter. Therefore, it is measured on a quarterly basis and measures the level of economic growth in different countriesRead MoreGdp Per Capita As An Indicator Of Standard Of Living1029 Words   |  5 PagesGDP per Capita As an indicator of standard of living GDP per capita is the market value of the final goods and services produced in a country during a given period per person (McDowell et al. 2012). This could also be explained as a measure of quantity of goods and services available to a typical resident of the country at a particular period. GDP per capita is used as an indicator of standard of living because it reflects the accessibility of goods and services to a person. GPD counts only the goodsRead MoreComparing Standard of Living and Quality of Life Between Countries Using GDP833 Words   |  4 PagesGross Domestic Product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services produced by factors of production within a country in a given period of time. It can be calculated using either the income, output, or expenditure method as illustrated on the circular flow of income diagram below. Standard of Living, in a purely material dimension is the average amount of GDP per person in a country (therefore determining access to goods and services). However theRead MoreGdp Is the Best Measure of a Countrys Standard of980 Words   |  4 PagesGDP is the best measure of a country’s â€Å"standard of living† Discuss Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the value of everything produced in the economy for the year. It usually is used to provide economic growth rates and other important data, it is valued in terms of the cost of all inputs. Gross means total; domestic means it applies to everything produced within the economy, product means output. Standard of living refers to the wellbeing of the population, this requires a very wide range of dataRead MoreConcept Of Gross Domestic Product1275 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic Product (GDP), is the measured value of the output, which is currently produced in the domestic economy. This gives a view of the economic wellbeing for the country, it does not however give a deeper insight into the true wellbeing of the citizens within the country. This essay will go over the, definition of GDP, Real versus Nominal GDP, Three ways to calculate GDP, Four components of GDP, types of money transactions not included in GDP and aspects of the standard of living that not addressedRead MoreGross Domestic Product ( Gdp )920 Words   |  4 PagesGross Domestic Product (GDP) is an economic objective used to predict and measure economic growth and output. GDP is defined as the monetary value of all goods and services produced in an economy in one year. This includes manufactured and agricultural goods, as well as services such as hairdressing and plumbing. Gross domestic product can be measured for an economy is two ways, the expenditure method and the income method. Expenditure method: GDP= I + C + G +(X-M) I – private investmentRead MoreComparing The Economic Profiles Of Brazil And France1677 Words   |  7 PagesReport: Comparing the Economic Profiles of Brazil and France Daniel Williams K1355702 Table of Contents Page 1 Summary Page 2 Introduction Page 3 Macroeconomic Comparisons: GDP Page 4 Macroeconomic Comparisons: Activities in Trade Page 5 Macroeconomic Comparisons: Living Standards Page 6 Macroeconomic Comparisons: Labour Productivity Page 7 Conclusion Page 8 References Summary France and Brazil have shown to have different economies, but are both significant contributorsRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between China And Australia1236 Words   |  5 Pagesthe size of the economies, growth rates, unemployment, inequality, standard of living, environmental issues and the roles the different governments have in influencing and modifying these factors of the economy. Size of Economy The GDP is the total market value of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. China’s GDP is significantly larger than Australia’s, measuring 9.24 trillion $USD as of 2013, while Australia’s GDP was 1.56 trillion $USD the same year. Before the change to a socialistRead MoreQuestions And Answers On Economics And Economics : Questions On The Financial Market1030 Words   |  5 Pages1. GDP a) Report the real GDP for the most recent quarter (2nd quarter of 2017). Also report the consumption, investment, government and net exports components of real GDP in dollar terms. Did GDP grow or shrink in the 2nd quarter of 2017 compared to the 1st quarter? b) Calculate the percentage contribution of each component (consumption, investment, government and net exports) to GDP for the 2nd quarter of 2017. Which component is the largest? Billions of chained (2009) dollars 2017 I % Contribution

Disruptive Behaviors Social Deficits And Other Problem...

Disruptive behaviors, even those of an aggressive nature, are not uncommon in children when they first attend pre-school. Pre-school is a time to play, learn and grow before entering a school setting. These children are often transitioning from life at home with their parents to meeting new adults and other children while learning new rules. Disruptive behaviors occur as children adjust to a semi-structured school day including time for free-play. These disruptive behaviors typically disappear on their own as children become accustomed to school routines. However, aggressive disruptive behavior can predict social deficits and other problem behaviors later in development (Brennan, Shaw, Dishion Wilson, 2015). Unstructured free-play time is particularly susceptible to this type of aggressive behavior. Pasiak and Menna (2015) demonstrated children who engage in aggressive free-play are more likely to develop relational aggression and poor self-control. Aggressive and disruptive behaviors usually decrease with time and school wide tier-one interventions such as time outs. These interventions are aimed at eliminating problem behaviors, usually by form of some sort of punishment or aversive. However, there are interventions that focus on positive aspects of behavior to fulfill the initial behavioral function. Daddario, Anhalt and Barton (2007) found that using differential reinforcement of other behaviors helps eliminate these problem behaviors. Daddario et. al (2007) observedShow MoreRelatedAn Oppositional Defiant Disorder ( Developmental Manual And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders1515 Words   |  7 Pagesthis disorder within the realm of Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders. The American Psychiatric Association note in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (2013) that, â€Å"[these] disorders include conditions involving problems in the self-control of emotions and behaviors. [They] are uni que in that these problems are manifested in behaviors that violate the rights of others and/or bring the individual into significant conflict with social norms and authority figures (pRead MoreUse Of A Peer Support Intervention For Promoting Academic Engagement Of Students With Autism1505 Words   |  7 Pagesdisorder show benefits from being educated in general education classrooms with interactions with typically developing peers. However, behaviors exhibited by students with ASD often lead them back to segregated special education settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a simple peer support intervention on minor, disruptive, off-task behaviors of three elementary students with high functioning ASD from three different classrooms. Individuals with Disabilities EducationRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1132 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Child abuse takes many different forms. Including physical, sexual, emotional, or neglect of a children by parents, guardians, or others responsible for a child s welfare. Regardless of the type of abuse, the child’s devolvement is greatly impacted. The child’s risk for emotional, behavioral, academic, social, and physical problems in life increase. According to the Child Maltreatment Report by the Children’s Bureau (1999) the most common form of child abuse in the United States isRead MoreThe Etiology Of The Disorder963 Words   |  4 Pagesis an example of a disruptive disorder. Although there are no clear cut causes of ODD, there are factors that play a role in the development of the disorder. They include biological factors, psychological factors, and social factors (American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2009). Biological factors include having a parent with a history of ADHD, ODD, or Conduct Disorder (CD), a parent with a mood disorder such a s depression or bipolar disorder, parent has a problem with drinking or substanceRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1002 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough to elimination disorders. Attention-deficit and disruptive disorders are the most common. All including AD/HD, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and unspecified disruptive disorder. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the most common childhood brain disorders and can continue through adolescence and adulthood. What is Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a problem of not being able to focus, being overactiveRead MoreGuidelines For Students With Adhd1405 Words   |  6 PagesProspectus: Using Whiteboards with Instructions to help Students with ADHD to Close the Gap. Problem Statement In this section I will be focusing upon some the important concerns that prevent students with ADHD from achieving success in closing the gap. Some of these concerns are based upon children that have a current diagnosis with prescriptions for stimulants, like Ritalin or Adderall that can improve the lives of those with ADHD. However, this can also lead to addiction, anxiety and psychosisRead MoreNegative Behavior Of The Classroom1465 Words   |  6 Pagest of the problem of practice Negative behavior in the classroom makes teaching and learning difficult in urban schools. The results from the negative behavior has caused a decline in student profientency and teacher’s retention. Introduction The behavior of students in the classroom has transitioned over time. More disruptive behavior is emerging and adequate teaching is the declining. A rise in disruptive behavior in the classroom has caused educators to use more time on discipline rather thanRead MoreRichard s Behavior At School1530 Words   |  7 PagesThe school counselor noticed several irregularities with Richard’s behavior, such as the obvious inattention, distractibility, lack of organization, reoccurring daydreaming, and inability to follow directions in multiple settings, which suggested that his difficulties were not solely based on a lack of intrinsic motivation or understanding. The school counselor described that every year Richard performed exceptionally well on standardized tests; however, he performed poorly on assignments and achievementRead MoreEssay on Hyperactivity Disorder1046 Words   |  5 Pagessurrounds them. If they go over the limit, then the children will have problems concentrating. Many scientists have classified these children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Parents may think that the children’s behavior of hyperactivity is normal throughout the child’s life. On the contrary, many of them have gone over the limit of being active. This disorder can cause conflicts at school, home, and social life. Knowing the facts, symptoms, and treatments, the parents can helpRead MoreThe Influence of Childhood Mental Disorders On the Quality of Public Education1037 Words   |  5 Pagescommon mental illnesses that children have are Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Both of them usually cause the c hild to be unable to concentrate for a prolonged period of time, as well as behave appropriately in the stressful classroom environment. It is not surprising that these scenarios cause certain problems with public education to arise. The difficulties that children are experiencing during creating social networks and personal relationships in the school environment are

Synthesis Paper on Cell Phones Usage in School Free Essays

Robert Pohlman ENG-215 Miss Sreenan June 2, 2009 My Fifteen Minutes of Fame I arrived at the Tepala Shrine Temple to play my first gig in front of a live audience with my new band â€Å"Ben Joehoff and the Cards†. I’m Robert, the lead guitarist in our four member band. I walk into the building with my shoulders back trying to exude confidence as I carry in my two guitars, a laguna and a fender Stratocaster. We will write a custom essay sample on Synthesis Paper on Cell Phones Usage in School or any similar topic only for you Order Now As soon as I’m through the door I start looking for my friends without trying to be too obvious about it. At the same time I walk slowly toward the room where all the loud band and people noises are escaping. I stop at the doorway. Glancing around the room, I see the judges at their table, the audience, and all the other band member â€Å"want-to-be’s† hanging around. My eyes shift to the front of the room, to the huge stage. The stage appears as promised by the RAMI’s. It is set up with everything necessary for a rock band to play professionally. I see the huge black speakers and the shiny microphones which will make us sound professional. There are lights all over, of different sizes, colors and shapes. There are lighting people, and sound people. The setup looks great and the rest is up to us. I swallow down a dry throat, trying to keep my nerves from showing. Again, I look for my friends. Suddenly, I see Mark, or â€Å"Joker†, that is his band nickname, and, then, I see the rest of my band. I give a little sigh of relief, to myself, and, I think, â€Å"They are here, this is really happening! â€Å". I grin at them, and hurry over to join them. Everyone is excited, nervous, but excited. We can’t wait till it’s our turn! There are several bands before us, but they play their songs way too fast. Suddenly, we’re up! This is my first time. I can feel the butterflies exploding in my stomach. I take a deep breath and walk out into the lights on stage. The lights are so bright that it is hard to see anything off stage. I strum a cord on my guitar to make sure my volume is alright. Suddenly, I hear the sound of sticks! One, two, three, four! My turn, I hit the first cord and feel the rich sound. The crowd seems to like us. Some of my crazy friends are dancing to the music. Mark busts out with his crazy drum solo. The beat calms me somehow. Oh, no! My solo is coming up! I hope I don’t mess up! Here, goes. I just need to concentrate on the notes. Suddenly it is over! I nailed it!!! That has to be one of the best fifteen minutes of my life! How to cite Synthesis Paper on Cell Phones Usage in School, Papers

Consider H.L.a Harts Critique of Austin Positivist Theory Essay Example For Students

Consider H.L.a Harts Critique of Austin Positivist Theory Essay The significance of the critical reflective attitude is then discussed and, finally, the sociology of secondary rules will be examined. This paper will conclude that, while Hart infused his theory with sociology in an attempt to circumvent what he saw as the restrictive nature of Justinian formalism, he remained true to the core tenets of positivism, and, ultimately, expounded a positivist theory, not a sociology, of law. Locating or formulating definitions of the concepts discussed herein, such as positivism or sociology of law, is difficult. For example, legal positivism Has been variously evolved and Hows signs of excessive pluralism and theoretical fragmentation So much so that nothing we can say about lit] can be agreed to by all positivists. 1 Yet such definitions are necessary in order to place Harts theory on the theoretical spectrum. Given that this paper is concerned with these concepts at a general level, determining where Harts theory lies in the broadest sense, general definitions Will suffice. Cottrell Offers such a definition-2 He suggests a distinction between normative and empirical theories of law, corresponding to jurisprudential theories and sociologist of law respectively. The former is a theory which seeks to explain the character of law solely in the terms of legal doctrine *and other legal the latter seeks to explain the character of law in terms of historical and social conditions and treats Law as Explicable in terms of their social origins and effects. 4 Razz5 definition of positivism is helpful as it seeks to identify the essence of traditional positivist theories, rather than a specific_ definition. 5 Razz notes that major theses have been traditionally associated with legal positivism the reductive semantic thesis, which proposes a reductive analysis of legal tenements according to which they are Nan-normative, descriptive 1 2 Lets, H. L_A Harts Conception of Law Clearinghouse Review 187-194, 187. Cottrell, The Sociological Concept of Law (1983) 1 CO of L Society 241-255, 241. However, note Moore, Description and Analysis in the Concept of Law: a Response to Stephen Perry (2002) 8 Legal Theory 91-114, 99 suggesting that even Cottrell general framework may be unhelpful. 34 S Ibid. Ibid. Razz, the Purity Of the Pure Theory in Opener, Shift and Nobles (des), Introduction to Jurisprudence and Legal Theory: Commentary and Materials (LIP, Oxford 2005) 202. tenements;6 the contingent connection thesis, which states that there is no necessary connection between law and moral the sources thesis, that the identification of the existence and content of law does not require resort to any moral argument. 8 Freeman suggests that sociological theories of law generally involve a rejection tot the uniqueness tot law and tot law as a closed logical order, a focus on the law in action and use of sociological methods. G Harts Descriptive Sociology Claim An obvious starting point for this assessment is Harts notorious 10 hope, expressed in the preface to The Concept of Law, 1 that his work may also be of use to those whose chief interests are in Sociology, rather than in Ian/ and that *notwithstanding its concern with analysis the book may also be regarded as an essay in descriptive sociology. 12 Adding to the definitional evokes outlined above, Hart fails to define what he meant by descriptive sociology. As Krieger notes, *a+ sympathetic critic can be skeptical about the claim Because the idea Of a descriptive sociology Of law is not developed, 13 suggesting that perhaps Harts failure to define descriptive sociology itself shows that he was not too concerned With this aspect Of his hurry. It is clear that Hart was referring to a subset of sociology generally and it is sufficient therefore to determine Whether Harts theory is sociological in the more general sense identified by Cottrell. There are three angles from which to approach Harts claim to descriptive sociology: the first is textual, analyzing the formulation of Harts claim; the second is biographical, looking to Harts background in an attempt to discern whether he was genuinely committed to his sociological claim; the third is an overview of the path that Harts theory took, ascertaining whether he followed through with his claim. As for the first approach, whilst remaining aware of the danger of putting too fine a point on Harts choice of words at the expense of understanding his overall project, it should be horn in mind that Hart said his work nay also14 he considered a work tot descriptive sociology, suggesting that it was 6 7 8 9 Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Freeman, Law and Sociology « (2005) 8 Current Legal Issues I-IS, I _ Twining, Saucer on Hart (2006) I Gig Harvard L R Forum 122-130, 127. Hart, The Concept of Law (2nd Eden JPG, Oxford 1994). Ibid preface. Krieger, The Concept of Law and Social Theory (1982) 2(2) OILS 155-180, 157 Hart (n I I) emphasis added). 1011 121314 primarily intended to be a work Of jurisprudence that could be interpreted in a sociological light. He also stated that his theory may be of use15 to other disciplines, suggesting that, While sociologists and anthropologists could gain insights from his work, to paraphrase Krieger, he was not doing what they do . 16 Lacey has written extensively on Harts life, 17 and her observations Harts background illuminate the extent to which Hart intended to engage in sociology. She notes that, given the low status of the social sciences at the time, 8 that Hart was a philosopher by training as well as by deepest disposition, 19 and considering his criticism of sociological method,20 his claim is surprising. However, as Hart was never a man to use words lightly,21 Lacey concludes that we must assume that the Prefaces claim was a considered one. 22 Hart who harbored an Axon antipathy towards sociology23 (though he regretted this later)24 would not have made this unusual claim had he not fully intended to do so. Harts determination to move beyond the conceptually rigid positivists of Austin and Kelsey25 compellingly confirms that we should take Harts claim rigorously, Harts extensive attack on Austin was partly based on Harts assertion that Sustains formalism was unduly restrictive. It is in the context of solving this problem that the sociology in Harts account arises, as laws social being to reveal the inadequacy of the reigning positivist conception of that of Austin. In the preamble to The Concept of Law, Hart expresses his wish to break from Justinian linguistic analysis by referring to the social context of words. 27 Nevertheless, Hart still emphasizes, quoting Austin, using a sharpened awareness of words to sharpen our perception of the phenomena. 28 516 1718 19 2021 222324 Ibid (emphasis added). Krieger (n 13) 159. Lacey, A Life of HAL Hart: The Nightmare and the Noble Dream (POP, Oxford 2004). Lacey, Analytical jurisprudence versus descriptive sociology revisited (2006) 84(4) Texas L R 945-982, 948. Ibid 948. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Twining (n 10). See D Sugarcane, Hart Interviewed: H. L. A. Hart in Conversation with David sugarcane (2005) FL society 267-293, 25 26 27 28 Lacey (n 18) 949. Fitzpatrick. The Mythology of Modern Law (Rutledge, London 1992) 6. Hart (n 11). Ibid. Harts intention appears both confused and confusing, but, overall his intention id not appear to be to offer a sociology of law: he was not intending to explain the character of law in terms of historical and social conditions. 29 Hart states that his work is primarily designed for the student of jurisprudence30 and emphasizes the importance of analysis and linguistic philosophy. Harts philosophical background and initial contempt for sociology further emphasis this. Nevertheless, it is clear that Hart would not have referred to sociology had he not intended to use it in some way. Finally in relation to the preamble, it must be considered Whether Hart actually attended to this claim. In this regard Fitzpatrick dra ws Hart along a sociological drift,32 arguing that a commitment to sociology would have led Hart along a different path. Fitzpatrick argues that the theory is with desperate metaphor rather than sociolinguistic or sociological observation. 83 Weight is added by Lets, who laments the hypothetical linguistic convergence34 employed by Hart, who assumes that there is some linguistic convergence about the use of legal rather than adducing evidence, Cottrell agrees that this is not descriptive sociology, speculative philosophy. 36 Lets goes further by asserting that the very act that Hart is attempting to answer such persistent questions37 as What are rules? Is already a step away trot the descriptive approach Because are not constituted by virtue of something that can be described but by something that puzzles us for non-empirical reasons. 38 Lacey agrees, arguing that the structural features of Harts theory, prevented him from building upon his %sociological claim+ . 39 From this brief selection of criticisms of Harts sociological claim it can be seen that he had much to elaborate on if he was to meet the expectations created by his statement in the preface. Women's Role in Society: D. H. Lawrence EssayHart maintains the positivist sources thesis, as the existence and content of his natural law emanating from human nines, and the contingent connection thesis, as Hart does not acknowledge a necessary connection between law and morality, only that some moral content is inevitable in any legal system with the social function remains one of facilitating human survival, The Sociology of Secondary Rules Harts conception of a legal system as the union of primary and secondary rules is yet another example of a sociological thread in his theory. Harts discussion is rooted in the social context that he thought necessary tort explaining the law and he discusses this notion with reference to the social situations of the human beings and societies that ales apply to. He starts by asserting that only a small community closely knit by ties of kinship. Could live successfully by, a regime of unofficial rules and that larger societies require secondary rules to cure the defects that arise from such a regime_63 The sociological implications of Harts conception of secondary rules have been most thoroughly explored by Calvin and Fallers. 4 Calvin has used Harts conception of the union of primary and secondary rules as a conceptual framework for analyzing primitive legal systems, illustrating how this union is sociological in nature and, in the process, gathering the kind of empirical sociological evidence that Fitzpatrick thought to be missing from The Concept of Law. Poor instance, he analyses Hovels observations of Eskimo Ian, specif ically the way that the Eskimo deal with a two-time murderer by executing him following interviews With the community. 5 Calvin views this, rather than through the lens of coercion, as Hovels work is often viewed,66 but through the Hartman lens Of primary and secondary rules. He notes that the procedure is socially recognized privilege of applying physical a rudimentary secondary rule Of enforcement. 67 Furthermore, Calvin notes the sociological origin of what seems to be a rule of recognition based on custom. 68 What is most interesting about Collies idea that Harts union of primary and secondary rules can be 6354 Hart (n 11) 92. Calvin, The Sociology of Secondary Rules (1978) 28 University of Toronto Law Journal 196-214. Fallers, Law without Precedent (University tot Chicago Press, Chicago 1969) using Harts conception of law as the union of primary and secondary rules to highlight distinctions between different societies. 65 66 67 68 Hobble, The Law of Primitive Man (Harvard University Press, Hard »award 1954) 25-6. Calvin (n 63) 206. Ibid. Ibid. Seed as a conceptual framework to organize information about different legal systems is that this, rather than being a stretching of Harts theory,69 appears to be the use Hart intended to be made Of his theory. Hart suggested that this union constitutes a most powerful tool for the analysis of much that has puzzled both the jurist and the political theories, 70 and, having accepted that his claim to have produced a descriptive sociology, as opposed to a model which could be used by sociologists, had been renaissance, 71 thought that a better formulation of his theory would be that it provides the normative incepts required for a descriptive sociology. 72 This appears to suggest Hart had the broader aim of facilitating complementarily between jurisprudence and sociology, and an aspiration that jurisprudence be of use to social scientists and sociological scholars. 73 Calvin and Fallers, in utilizing Harts theory as a conceptual framework to better describe and understand primitive societies and legal teemed, used Harts normative concepts in order to expound a descriptive sociology, a use tot Harts theory that Hart himself would surely have advocated. Harts Concept of Law: Positivist Theory or Sociology? To return to the definitions at the beginning fifths paper, Harts theory is difficult to place at one of the distinct positions in Storytellers framework: it is not wholly internal, because it does contain strands of sociology and looks to inform an understanding of law with social context, yet neither is it a sociology of law, seeking to explain law in terms of social origins and effects. In any case, it is arguable that such a clear distinction between conceptual and empirical accounts in unhelpful at the level of concept formation, as that level we are always in the intermediate sections of examining phenomena and trying to capture their substantial differences in our definitions;74 this certainly seems to be the case here. Indeed, Harts theory Of law, as discussed, contains elements that tan rightly be characterized as sociological and these elements do distinguish Harts theory from those Of positivists generally, Who, like Austin and Kelsey, reject sociology altogether. 5 Both the acclaim and criticism that Harts theory attracted is partly a consequence Of this position: a positivist jurisprudential theory, Which nonetheless attempted to incorporate elements of sociology and acknowledge he rigidity and failings of prior positivists in eliminating all extra. Legal elements 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 As Calvin himself suggests that it may be. Ibid 196. Hart (n 11) 98, Lac ey (n 17) 233. Written in a notebook of Harts. Lacey (n 18) 949. Ibid. Moore (n 2). In Kelseys view a science of law Resents legal reasoning as a realm of thought and understanding wholly apart from sociological observation, Freeman (n 9) 8. From jurisprudence. The protracted, inconclusive and sometimes unedifying debate76 that Harts theory caused is a testament to its unusual position, which s well illustrated by now returning to Raise definition of positivism. 77 Harts theory fits squarely within the latter two tenets of positivism enumerated by Razz, While at the Same time infusing these theses with sociological elements. For instance, Harts gesture toward natural law is a positivistic one, yet at the same time it is sociological, deriving natural law from the social context Of the human beings that use it. Hart also maintained the contingent connection thesis in holding that the existence and content Of law does not require resort to any moral argument. 8 but instead can be objectively ascertained by reference to social facts. 79 The reductive semantic thesis is not followed, but, as Razz himself notes, the three theses are logically independent and one is free to accept any one of them while rejecting the others. 80 Far from suggesting Hart was offering a sociology of law,81 this rejection is simply a manifestation of Harts wish to break free of the confines of reductive semantic statements, used by other positivists,82 appealing instead to social facts and context. While showing that Hart incorporated elements of sociology, it is important not to overstate hem and to bear in mind the limited extent to which Hart followed up on his descriptive sociology claim. Considering Harts theory in light tot Freemans tenets of sociological theories of law further illuminates the fact that Harts theory did not move particularly far toward becoming a sociology of law. Hart did not reject the uniqueness of law,83 nor did he focus on the law in action, but instead the concept of law itself, and he did not use sociological methods. Hart did seem to suggest he was aiming to make a greater move toward sociology when he insisted on the descriptive nature of his project in answering natural law critiques. However, the finches nature84 of this sociology and his realization that his reference to descriptive sociology was deficient, as it overstated the extent to which his theory involved sociology and did not properly 76 77 78 79 80 Lacey (n 18) 946. Razz (n 5). Ibid. Ibid 203. Ibid. In this connection it is worth noting that Kelsey also rejected the reductive semantic thesis, though for different reasons, yet Shekels theory is most definitely a positivistic one. Ibid 202-3. 2 83 84 Ibid. See Hart (n IIS 1, commenting on laws uniqueness. Lacey (n 18) 355. Reflect his intentions and, further confirms that Harts was a positivist residential theory of law, seeking only to be informed by social context. Hart himself, with hindsight, thought that a better formulation would have been to say that the book provided the normative concepts required for a descriptive a formulation more in line with his theory being of use to sociologists than being sociology itself. Conclusion Harts theory has undoubtedly been the catalyst for an unprecedented level of interdisciplinary dialogue, inspiring new theories involving jurisprudential and sociological thought. 86 However, it is clear that Hart visas not offering such a interdisciplinary theory myself: he was merely weaving some sociological threads into an essentially positivist theory, intending to place law in its social context and break free, with a fresh from the excessive formalism of the past.

Analysis of the sonnet Essay Example

Analysis of the sonnet Essay Example Analysis of the sonnet Essay Analysis of the sonnet Essay The name Belinda is written in italics in order to draw the readers attention, she is a virgin and would certainly have drawn the attention of men. The pre noun modifier fragrant steams is erotic and sensual, it could also make reference to coffee which was rare and well enjoyed in the sixteenth century. The phrase thousand sprites repair in line eleven is used to mock the style of the epic as the spirits try to interfere with the knights actions. The repetition of thousand in line twelve reinforces the idea that Belinda has spirits and Gods protecting her and the alliteration blown back is a deliberate device used to enhance the humorous tone of the poem. The diamond in her ear creates a sense of luxury and a pure, rich aura around Belinda. Tripling and the repetition of three of the word thrice in lines fourteen and fifteen are important as they build up the scene in order to create more humour and to further show the scene in a trivial light. Belinda s purity is reinforced in line seventeen with as the nosegay (flowers) in her breast reclined referring to her virginity with flowers on her breast. The knights thoughts of desire become impure in lines eighteen to twenty two and in line nineteen the knight realises that Belinda is not as pure as she is believed to be with the pre-modifier lover lurking at her heart emphasising this. The verbs confused and retired suggest that the Gods are abandoning Belinda and are unable to protect her because she is impure. The space left between lines twenty two and twenty three symbolise the Gods leaving. Rape of the lock by Alexander Pope The poem Rape of the lock by Alexander pope is a mock-heroic narrative poem with a humorous indictment of the vanities and idleness of the eighteenth century high society. The poem is written in an elevated, sarcastic tone in which every element of the scene conjures up some image from epic tradition or the classical world view. The poem is written in rhyming couplets and iambic pentameter. Its influence came from a ludicrous quarrel between two families caused by Lord Petre who cut a lock from Miss Arabella Fermor s hair. Pope tried to place this act of sexual harassment in a trivial light through the use of sarcastic, comical tone. The poem begins with a command for human action to mischief mortals bend their will the focus is largely impersonal and the use of an exclamative instruments of ill! in line two emphasises the sarcastic and humorous tone of the poem. The premodifier tempting grace at the end of line three creates an erotic atmosphere as Clarissa draws weapon from her shining case , she has found a weapon for her peer. Line five begins with the conjunction so enforcing the idea of gossip and chattering as Clarissa and her peer conjure up a plan. The nouns knight and spear and the verb fight tells the audience that something serious is about to happen. The verb assist and the noun knight both contribute to creating a sexual and erotic atmosphere. Line sevens use of the verbs reverence and extends emphasises to the audience how serious the knight is about fighting and the pre noun modifier little engine mocks the lock of hair off, with a caesura exaggerating the scene and allowing the audience to pause and realise what is happening. The modifier fatal also over-exaggerates the scene. Line twenty eight is enclosed within brackets, it is supposed to make the scene more tragic but creates a comical effect. The final line of the poem uses the repetition of for ever to emphasise the knights excitement over getting his trophy, a lock of hair! The poem uses a lot of alliteration which is deliberately used to mock the style of the epic. The scissors are referred to with many different names such as spear , weapon , forfex and sheers for an intellectual and mockery purpose. The poem uses elision to support the rhythm and rhyming couplets illustrate the humorous aspect of the poem. The poem is a fable with a moral, a message to modern women not to be so vein.

Grab recruiters attention with your resume

Grab recruiters attention with your resume When you’re writing your resume, these days there are a number of different audiences to consider. There’s the hiring manager. There’s the robot resume scanner. And there’s another person altogether: the recruiter. The recruiter is a bit different because they’re focused on the bottom line from the start. Where a hiring manager wants to know how you’ll fit in as part of a team, the recruiter often just wants to make sure you meet the most important job description criteria, before passing you up to the next level or down to the reject pile. So how do you get (and keep) the attention of a recruiter? Let’s look at what they look at first on resumes, to figure out how to apply that to your own.The average recruiter spends six to ten seconds looking at a resume initially before deciding whether or not to move on to the next one. So you want to catch attention fast with strong keywords, placed strategically. If they don’t see what th ey’re looking for in their initial quick glance, you likely won’t stand a chance. According to James Hu, founder and CEO of Jobscan.co, the keyword technique that works for those automated Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) is also effective for human readers as well.As part of that initial scan, recruiters are not looking for long-winded bullets about your third-most important responsibilities and achievements at X Corp. They’re looking for elements that stand out: headlines, bolded phrases, years. That means that your resume formatting just became even more important.Your experience bullets are crucial for the deeper read, but when you’re hoping to grab attention right away, make sure you’re putting emphasis on the most important parts: company names, job titles, and the dates you were there. The recruiter is trying to put together an image of you as an applicant based on that quick skim, so the more you highlight the short, punchy, relevant detail s about your experience, the easier you make it for them to see how impressive your work history is.This also means that a killer headline is a great way to maximize your resume for a quick recruiter read. The one-liner that sets your professional narrative should be one of the first thing the recruiter sees, and it should be both succinct and clear. Specificity is your friend here.Good headline: â€Å"Innovative Problem Solver with More Than 5 Years’ Experience As a Window Washer†Bad headline: â€Å"Detail-Oriented Go Getter†The first headline tells the recruiter two crucial points about your resume: you solve problems, and you have a lot of work experience. The second headline is vague, and has no real substance. The recruiter’s eyes will glaze right over it.Remember: you’ll have time later to wow a reader with your work experience bullet points, or a list of skills that make you perfect for the job. First, though, you need to lean in to human na ture, and understand that short, powerful visual cues are the way to get a recruiter’s attention up front.

Nacl and cellular respiration Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nacl and cellular respiration - Coursework Example State of the cell determines the type of energy transformed from the available nutrients. Even though, the cell may contain salts like NaCl, the most important aspect is the locality of the cell. Working cells like root have a higher rate of respiration as compared to dormant ones like the seed cells due to extra energy stored (Meldrum 25). Nutrients in a given food substrate contain different compounds and, therefore, not only sodium chloride. Therefore, the availability of different types of nutrients results in different amounts of energy produced during respiration. This explains why energy content from carbohydrates id different from proteins and fats (Meldrum 33) One of the primary requirements of cellular respiration is oxygen availability in the breakdown of food substrate to yield energy. The oxygen has no salt component, and this, therefore, means the process can take place in any environment that has an adequate supply of oxygen (Meldrum

Environmental issue Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Environmental issue - Research Paper Example EPA is also responsible for introducing water quality standards against which water containments can be measured and its use can be regarded as admissible. According to the statistics provided by EPA, there are more than 160, 000 public water systems that are responsible for providing drinking water to American users (EPA n.p). However, the question arises if this law and its clauses are strict enough to prevent and control contamination of drinking water through nature and man-made resources. One of the major reasons behind drinking water contamination is hydraulic fracturing (Tiemann and Vann 38). Although hydraulic functioning is admissible by many states due to increasing requirement of energy sources however environmental agencies and NGOs have been raising their concerns about effects of drilling and fracturing methods on the nearby water supplies. Along with increasing consumers’ complaints, there have been number of studies that have supported the findings related to n egative impacts of hydraulic fracturing over drinking water. Tiemann and Vann further assert that EPA is responsible for safety of drinking water; therefore it should also be given authority over natural fuels extraction methods. Conflicts between two federal bodies will only result in delays in procedures required for protection of drinking water supply. ... Another reason shared by Duhigg (n.p) behind drinking water contamination is dumping of industrial waste in drinking water reservoirs. However, states do not have the authority to levy any fines or punishments on these industrial units. Hence, suitable authority given to state government is fairly important if EPA and American Federal government wish to secure the drinking water supply (ECOIssues n.p). In addition to that, water contamination is higher due to use of fertilizers and dumping of animal feces in the farms especially in the states where farming is a main source of income. SDWA does not apply to private water suppliers however research of EPA has found strong level of contamination in bottled water supply as well (Duhigg n.p). Another major issue that has lead to low prevention of drinking water contamination is limited authority of EPA on protection of underground resources. Where pumping of environmental CO2 into ground has been projected as a viable solution for green h ouses gases emission and depletion of ozone, there are no major researches that can provide a final verdict over impact of such gas pumping in the ground and its related impact on quality of drinking water (â€Å"Selected Regulatory and Legislative Issues† 20). Another major issue raised by Tiemann is limited infrastructure funding (3). Since public water systems require continuous maintenance and upgrading, the concerned departments and state offices require a consistent flow of funds to meet requirement of SDWA. Failure to do so would result in formation of funding gap that would lead to compromised public water supply. These concerns grow further when communities are involved. Due to high number of public communities, it is difficult for state governments to ensure that SDWA has been

Role government of each artical Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Role government of each artical - Research Paper Example This will in turn allow the participants in the market to start putting the resources back to work in the sectors that they consider as most beneficial. This paper aims at considering the major roles of the government in the economic stability, with the inclusion of the government-run institutions. In the previous decades of lecturing countries that are developing on the ways to stimulate economic growth and emerge from economic crisis through strong government policies, some economists and U.S policymakers are discarding all the advice when subjected to the first test of major crisis. This is specifically true when taking advice regarding the accumulation of more debt (Shah, Rajiv, Zhijie, and Harini 85). For instance, the fiscal responsibility summit held by the U.S President Barack Obama last February disclosed that he knows the urgent requirement for fiscal responsibility. But the recent enactment of the Congress of the America Reinvestment and Recovery Act and the budget that was proposed by the government makes the objectives of a budget that is sustainable budget and it addresses the longer-term fiscal properties of the nation such as the entitlement liabilities, and even more elusive. Government deficits and government spending increase automatically when there are economic downturns that arise due to falling tax revenues and more demands on the social-safety-net provisions. Such spending can be helpful in attaining stability on the economy since it does not occur following legislative acts but automatically, and the money that is spent is usually needed most at the time of spending. Spending and borrowing for the purpose of economy stimulation by the use of legislative discretion is riskier since it is more difficult to wait for the right moment. The spending of the funds does not often take place until a long period has passed after the downturn occurs and has the ability of prolonging the downturn through crowding out

What led to the development of postmodernism in architecture

What led to the development of postmodernism in architecture Post modernism was devised from its previous movement, modernism and first began to emerge around the states of America in the 1960s but really took off around the early 1970s when it came to England and Europe and became a movement. It still continues to influence modern architecture today. The most obvious design traits can be seen in architecture; features that best represent this style include bold, visual exteriors, designs that are functional yet contain architectural characteristics that have been seen before but combining these with exciting, colourful, fresh designs. An example of this is the Portland building; Oregon designed by Michael Graves. (See Fig.1) This block of government offices built in 1980 has a very decorative exterior and has become an icon of Post modernism. Post modernism came about when modernist views were being rejected by many people and architects although there where still some whom where in favour of the current modernist ideas, yet still recognized the need for further development within this style to take place as the world fast continued to modernise around them, this saw the beginnings of Postmodernism. This quote from Michael Graves gives his view on how modernism designed everything to be machine like, which worked, although buildings should be made decorative and not so set in the modernist ways: While any architectural language, to be built, will always exist within the technical realm, it is important to keep the technical expression parallel to an equal and complementary expression of ritual and symbol. It could be argued that the Modern Movement did this, that as well as its internal language; it expressed the symbol of the machine, and therefore practiced cultural symbolism. But in this case, the machine is retroactive, for the machine itself is a utility. So this symbol is not an external allusion, but rather a second, internalized reading. A significant architecture must incorporate both internal and external expressions. The external language, which engages inventions of culture at large, is rooted in a figurative, associational and anthropomorphic attitude.1 In this quote Graves refers to the modernist movement and how they designed their buildings to be like machines, extremely clean, sleek and purely functional with no needless design features. His view is not to think that the inside of a building should be run as a machine but to think of the building as a whole and to think outside the modernists clean cut lines and un decorative architecture. Unlike the modernist architecture previous to this movement the post modernism architecture is usually quite ornamental, new but also borrowing some features from the past, such as bringing colour back into architecture which taken away for modernist era. There is quite a lot of rivalry between the two movements, modernists strongly believe in form follows function, their architecture showing functional, formalized shapes and spaces, where post modernists believe in not necessarily form over function but making their functional buildings a lot more visually dynamic and I suppose more of an experience. There is no true reality not even your own2 This is a saying from the late 90s which reflects post modernists views. They felt you need to question reality and think outside the box where as the modernists believed in questioning authority, their thinking that if people looked into why things are designed the way they are and the truth is to be discovered then tradition would be questioned. The postmodern architecture features shameless aesthetics different from anything before, they have a more organic feel and stand out. The post modern era also found the use of different materials being used with in architecture than before, whether it be the colour or the specification of the material that was to be desired. The two main materials used in postmodern architecture are stone and glass. The stone is bold and comes in a very wide range of colours, which stuck to the postmodernist ideas. The glass was used a lot especially in America and large city buildings, office blocks and skyscrapers such as Le 1000 de la Gauchetiere in Canada, its the tallest skyscraper in Montreal. (See fig.2) This was built a bit later on, in 1992 but still shows strong postmodern values. For example the distinctive triangular copper roof and four copper capped entrances at each of the tower base corners. The structural core is constructed from concrete and steel and the exterior consists of glass in a metal frame. The form used in postmodern buildings is also very contemporary, the building function is still important for the designers but compared to the modernist buildings the forms, shapes and look of the buildings are almost there for the designers sake, not for any specific reason other than good aesthetics. As I said before there is almost a collision of beliefs between the two movements, though most of the dislike at the time was focused towards the post modern architecture as the modernist architectures such as Le Corbusier, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius had put the belief into the people that a building that was almost wholly based on function was the best way. So when post modern architects such as Frank Gehry, Robert Venturi and Eero Saarinen started designing buildings that where thinking outside the slick, functional, simple design box of modernism and completely aesthetical and almost quite wacky there was quite an uproar and possibly a confusion as people started t o question what was right for the future of architecture? Were the new buildings functional enough and would the new buildings stand the test of time? As the people began to accept the more complex designs of the post-modern world the buildings began to become popular and more and more architectures began to come round to the idea. In todays architecture you can clearly see the inspiration from these initial designs and that architects and designers have turned modernist ideas on their head, by carrying on the idea of aesthetically pleasing designs and almost having more fun with their design rather than just focusing on the function. So how exactly did Postmodernism come about? Well as I have just confirmed the strongest link/lead to postmodernism was obviously the modernist designs lack of decoration, but I also looked at some other factors that could have lead to the development of postmodern architecture. As is well known, the lead to postmodernism was when people started to reject the views of the modernist movement, though how did this come about? And why did people start to reject the modernist ways? The rejection of modernism first came from architects In their works. In Europe Aldo Rossi documented his views of the current art movement, while in America Raunch and Scott Brown expressed similar views on the need for development of the modernist architecture. Though the most influential change came from the work of Robert Venturi. He famously wrote the book Complexity and Contradiction in architecture in 1966 which attacked the modernism of international style, with his strong views on his dislike for modernism. In the writing he replaces Miles van der Rohes (a modernist architect) modernist phrase less is more with : less is a bore. Blatant simplification means bland architecture This quote is just a brief look to his views in the piece, he continues throughout rejecting the moral, clean cut ways of modern architecture for elements that are more a blend of features than pure. Frank Gehry seems to be a name that frequently appears when investigating post modernism architecture. His Designs were very contemporary, bold and different to what had been seen before. He denied that his work was post modernist or that it even fit into any category other than something totally new. This would not happen with a modernist architect as; although the designs are different all modernists buildings tend to have the same features, sleek and following function so much that there is not a lot of individuality between the designs. Where as post modernist architecture is all so decorative and ornamental that each design is unique. Just by looking at a few of Frank Gehrys designs you can definitely tell that they are individual although they do fit in with the post modern category his architecture has moved beyond the modernist era being based on geometric and organic forms. As Gehry says himself : Not every person has the same kinds of talents, so you discover what yours are and work with them. Dont try to be me, or try to be Frank Lloyd Wright, or try to be I M Pei. Try to be yourself. You have to understand what drives people to build buildings. 4 One of Gehrys most creative pieces that represent this is The Frederick R Weisman Art Museum at the university of Minnesota, 1993(See Fig 3). The University officials chose Frank Gehry to design the teaching museum for the campus because of his attention to needs of people that use his buildings and his unique stunning designs. The museums exterior is constructed of amazing, sticking shapes made from brushed stainless steel on one side over looking the Mississippi river creating an abstract image of a waterfall and a fish. The other side of the building is on the side of the campus and blends in with the existing sandstone and brick buildings by using terra cotta coloured bricks. Frank Gehry was also commissioned to design an expansion to the building that was meant to have been completed in 2009 though due to financial reasons it will be built by next year. This shows that post modernism continues to inspired designers today and is still popular. An example of an architect that is continuing post modernism design to todays architecture is Santiago Calatrava. Born in 1951 when the postmodern movement was just starting to come about, Calatrava grew up with the organic architecture from the era. Obviously heavily inspired by it he has continued post modernism on in his own works. He has designed many buildings, which are very well known such as the Museum of tomorrow in Rio de Janerio in Brazil and Liege Guillemins TGV station in Belgium. La Rioja, Bodegas Ysios in Spain is one of his designs, which is not so famous though still unique, and particularly show his postmodernism inspiration (See Fig 4). This building is situated amongst vineyards in Spain where la Rioja Alavesa wine is produced, the company wanted a building that would store the made wine and be a place where guests can test the wine. The design definitely meets the criteria and is very functional; there is separate part for the storing of the wine, making it and a tasting area. Although this could have been enough just in a plain rectangular building but in true post modernist style he has also added some amazing design features, the main feature is that the roof, it continues the shapes of the surrounding hills, creating a wavy organic shape. The material he has used for the roof design is aluminium panelling, which reflects the sunlight making it look even more special contrasting with the calm vineyard surrounding. I have researched the lead to post modern architecture and touched on how it has affected modern design today. Now to conclude this essay I will some up my findings of what led to post modernism in architecture. Post modernism first emerged in the 1960s and became a movement in the early 1970s, its routes stemmed from its previous movement, modernism. Modernists had a very strong belief in form follows function, their views where that a building should be purely functional and machine like which worked well but didnt leave a lot of an imagination for design features and all the buildings began to have a lot of the same features. In the 1960s some architects began to recognise this and voiced their opinions in their written works, which made people realize that designs could be a bit more exciting. The most influential architect in this realisation was Robert Venturi, in his well known writing complexity and contradiction in architecture he strongly expressed his dislike for modernist architecture, stating that less is a bore and that buildings do not have to be all about function, they can still be functional and have design features. This contributed to the lead to post modernism. One of the architects I found whos name kept appearing when looking at post modern architecture is Frank Gehry. His designs are functional but with amazing design features using organic forms and patterns to shape the buildings. As is with most post modernist architecture different organic and bold shapes are a big feature of the building making every design unique unlike the similar designs of the modernist era. Although Gehry do es not class his buildings to be post modernist or in fact fit into any category, his designs are definitely fitting with the era and he seems to share the same views as the post modernists. Buildings like Frank Gehrys continue to influence designers today such as Santiago Calatrava whos modern day designs very much resembles that of post modernist architecture. Part II Book review on: 20th Century Architecture by Jonathan Glancey The 20th Century Architecture explores the roots of modern architecture and explains how the history and the ever-changing social and political conditions helped shape and build the world we live in today. In this book, as the foreword states, by writing the book Jonathan Glancey attempts to achieve informing the reader of an introduction to architecture of the 20th Century, not to cover every aspect of the subject, as he says himself, The subject is very vast and no book can realistically cover the entire history of the twentieth century architecture. If I could it would either be too heavy to carry or else set in such a tiny type that it would be unreadable. This quote also I think captures the way the book is written, very informative yet quite light hearted. The book covers 8 of movements of 20th century architecture: Arts and Crafts, Classicism, organic, Modernism, Post-Modernism, Robotic, Cities and Futures. Each movement has a its own section which is started by a page for a brief explanation of the movement then examples of architecture significant to that time. Each piece of architecture has its own page with a full colour photo to show what it looks like and a section about the designer and the building, why it was built and how it relates to the movement and others in that time. I found the book easy to read, and was able put down at any time and pick back up from where I left off. I particularly like the no jargon take and the fact that you dont have to know an awful lot if anything on architecture or the history of the 20th century. The book is very informative if you read the whole thing or if you just flick to a specific section you are interested in. I originally did this but found that I wanted to read on further. This is as Jonathan Glancey intended as would most authors, wanting to get the attention of the reader and want to read on from their own will, as he says in the book: If this makes you want to find out more then it has done its job. If it encourages you to want to be an architect then good luck. I think he has definitely achieved his original intentions for the book. I borrowed this book from the local library but I would definitely consider buying a copy to keep as a reference book. From reading and sourcing from other architectural books, I think this fits in to the subject very well. Id says it is more aimed at students, people who are interested in architecture and starting architectures. I dont think the book would be so suitable for experienced architects and architect fanatics as it informs you of buildings and architects that this group would probably already know of, thought the may still find it informative about the movements and to find out when the movements happened and why. Over all I think this is a good book and deserves the positive comments it has picked up from press and other readers.

The Teaching Profession Essays -- Teacher Education

I am a teacher, an educator of our youth. I am amongst the thousands of educators that facilitate the learning process to children ages five to eighteen. Along with my peers, I guide, mentor, inform, inspire, encourage, and provide many opportunities that allow our youth to learn for themselves. We do not just read from books or give exams, we interact with each student, building a relationship so we may help create well-rounded learners so they may be able to reach their full potential and surpass their goals. As a teacher, we know how to intervene, provide positive reinforcement, and allow students to make mistakes so they may try for themselves and build confidence within themselves and reap the fruits of achievement. When a student achieves, we all achieve. A true educator teaches as a way of life rather than teach to live. Teachers are always learning and wanting to gain more knowledge to pass along to their students. As a teacher, I must have a belief system that guides my actions as an educator. 1. I believe than education is the most single important aspect in a person’s life. As a teacher, we are the life source of discovery and knowledge. It is our duty to nurture each individual student by allowing him or her to excel not only intellectually but also developmentally, emotionally, physically and socially. 2. I believe that all students should be treated equal regardless of any special needs. 3. I believe my classroom will be an accessible and safe environment that fosters respect, trust, dignity and participation that allows students to learn. 4. I believe that my curriculum should and will be adjusted, so that all of my students may be able to compete on an equal level. 5. I believe that if I demonstrate a pos... ...es Department of Education, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education. Retrieved from http://www2.ed.gov/admins/lead/account/cornerstones/ny.pdf Douglas Davis. (2007). A Quality Education? Journal of Philosophy and History of Education, 57, 18-25. Office of Educational Management - NYSED: Contracts for Excellence: Model Programs. (2010). Ed Management Services. Retrieved December 10, 2010, from http://www.p12.nysed.gov/mgtserv/C4E/htm/ModelPrgmsforLEP-ELLs8-08.html Taylor, J., Stecher, B., O'Day, J., Naftal, S., & Carlson Le Floch, K. (2010). State and Local Implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act (No. Volume IX) (pp. 1-294). U.S. Department of Education, Office of Planning, Evaluation and Policy Development, Policy and Program Studies Service. Retrieved from http://www2.ed.gov/rschstat/eval/disadv/nclb-accountability/nclb-accountability-final.doc